/* Final presentation layer for the selected Contour page. */
.concept-21 {
  --ct-page: #ffffff;
  --ct-ink: #293440;
  --ct-body: #475461;
  --ct-muted: #647382;
  --ct-accent: #526f87;
  --ct-rule: #dce3e9;
  --ct-surface: #f3f7fa;
  --ct-raised: #ffffff;
  --ct-soft-border: #c8d4df;
  --ct-strong: #405b72;
  --ct-button: #506d85;
  --ct-button-ink: #ffffff;
  background: var(--ct-page);
  color: var(--ct-ink);
}
.concept-21 ::selection {
  background: #dce8f2;
  color: #243849;
}
.concept-21 :focus-visible {
  outline-color: var(--ct-accent);
}
.concept-21 a:hover {
  color: var(--ct-accent);
}
.concept-21 .ct-identity > p {
  font-size: 13px;
  color: var(--ct-muted);
}
.concept-21 .ct-introduction {
  color: var(--ct-body);
}
.concept-21 .ct-introduction a,
.concept-21 .ct-introduction .ct-contact-trigger {
  color: var(--ct-ink);
  text-decoration-color: var(--ct-soft-border);
}
.concept-21 .ct-introduction a:hover,
.concept-21 .ct-introduction .ct-contact-trigger:hover {
  color: var(--ct-accent);
  text-decoration-color: var(--ct-accent);
}
.concept-21 .ct-introduction .ct-collaboration {
  border-left-color: #8ea6bb;
  background: linear-gradient(105deg, #edf3f8, #f8fafc);
  color: var(--ct-body);
}
.concept-21 .ct-collaboration strong {
  color: var(--ct-strong);
}
.concept-21 .ct-contact-trigger:focus-visible,
.concept-21 .ct-contact-dialog :focus-visible,
.concept-21 .ct-carousel-research :focus-visible {
  outline-color: var(--ct-accent);
}
/* Keep supporting information quiet, but comfortably readable. */
.concept-21 .ctr-list-heading h3 {
  color: var(--ct-muted);
}
.concept-21 .ctr-list-heading > span {
  color: var(--ct-muted);
  font-size: 10px;
}
.concept-21 .ctr-number {
  color: #8093a5;
}
.concept-21 .ctr-meta {
  color: var(--ct-muted);
}
.concept-21 .ctr-authors {
  color: var(--ct-muted);
  font-size: 13px;
  line-height: 1.85;
}
.concept-21 .ctr-authors strong {
  color: var(--ct-ink);
  font-weight: 500;
}
.concept-21 .ctr-links {
  font-size: 12px;
  gap: 26px;
}
.concept-21 .ctr-links a {
  color: var(--ct-strong);
  border-color: var(--ct-soft-border);
  padding-block: 3px 5px;
}
.concept-21 .ctr-links a:hover {
  color: var(--ct-accent);
  border-color: var(--ct-accent);
}
.concept-21 .research-venue--accepted {
  color: var(--ct-strong);
  border-color: #acbfce;
}
.concept-21 .research-venue--accepted .research-venue-year,
.concept-21 .research-venue-year {
  color: var(--ct-muted);
  font-size: 12px;
}
.concept-21 .research-venue--preprint {
  color: var(--ct-muted);
  font-size: 11px;
}
.concept-21 .publication-carousel {
  --pc-accent: var(--ct-accent);
  --pc-ink: var(--ct-ink);
  --pc-muted: var(--ct-muted);
  --pc-rule: var(--ct-rule);
}
.concept-21 .pc-counter-rule {
  color: var(--ct-muted);
  opacity: 0.7;
}
.concept-21 .pc-abstract-label,
.concept-21 .pc-enlarge-label {
  color: var(--ct-strong);
}
.concept-21 .pc-enlarge-label {
  background: #f1f5f9ed;
}
.concept-21 .pc-abstract-body p {
  color: var(--ct-body);
  font-size: 14px;
}
.concept-21 .pc-abstract-toggle {
  color: var(--ct-strong);
  border-color: var(--ct-soft-border);
  font-size: 12px;
}
.concept-21 .pc-abstract-toggle:hover {
  color: var(--ct-accent);
  border-color: var(--ct-accent);
}
.concept-21 .pc-caption h3 {
  color: var(--ct-ink);
}
.concept-21 .pc-details {
  color: var(--ct-muted);
  font-size: 11px;
}
.concept-21 .pc-picker {
  color: var(--ct-muted);
}
.concept-21 .pc-picker.is-current,
.concept-21 .pc-picker:hover {
  color: var(--ct-ink);
}
.concept-21 .pc-arrow {
  color: var(--ct-ink);
  background: var(--ct-raised);
}
.concept-21 .pc-arrow:hover {
  background: var(--ct-surface);
  border-color: var(--ct-soft-border);
}
.concept-21.study-page .pc-effects-toggle,
.concept-21.study-page .bs-panel .ct-motion-toggle {
  color: var(--ct-muted);
  border-color: var(--ct-rule);
  background: #ffffffb3;
}
.concept-21.study-page .pc-effects-toggle:hover,
.concept-21.study-page .bs-panel .ct-motion-toggle:hover {
  color: var(--ct-strong);
  border-color: var(--ct-soft-border);
  background: var(--ct-raised);
}
/* Preserve the shared logo row and date baselines; balance visible logo weight. */
.concept-21 .ct-school-logo {
  height: 64px;
  width: 204px;
}
.concept-21 .ct-school-logo:is([src*="nus-logo"], [data-theme-source*="nus-logo"]) {
  width: 194px;
}
.concept-21 .ct-school-logo:is([src*="UC-Berkeley"], [data-theme-source*="UC-Berkeley"]) {
  width: 185px;
}
.concept-21 .ct-school-logo:is([src*="UofT_Logo"], [data-theme-source*="UofT_Logo"]) {
  width: 204px;
}
.concept-21 .ct-schools article > span {
  font-size: 12px;
  color: var(--ct-muted);
}
.concept-21 .ct-schools h3 {
  color: var(--ct-ink);
}
.concept-21 .ct-schools p {
  color: var(--ct-muted);
  font-size: 13px;
}
.concept-21 .ct-schools .ct-department {
  color: var(--ct-muted);
  font-size: 12px;
  line-height: 1.8;
}
.concept-21 .ct-footer-links {
  font-size: 12px;
  color: var(--ct-muted);
}
.concept-21 .ct-footer > p {
  font-size: 11px;
  color: var(--ct-muted);
}
/* Contact and figure dialogs use the same surfaces as the page. */
.concept-21 .ct-contact-dialog,
.concept-21 .ctr-dialog {
  background: var(--ct-raised);
  color: var(--ct-ink);
  border-color: var(--ct-soft-border);
  box-shadow: 0 24px 90px #16263726;
}
.concept-21 .ct-contact-dialog h2,
.concept-21 .ctr-dialog h3 {
  color: var(--ct-ink);
}
.concept-21 .ct-contact-dialog::backdrop,
.concept-21 .ctr-dialog::backdrop {
  background: #17233180;
  backdrop-filter: blur(5px);
}
.concept-21 .ct-contact-description,
.concept-21 .ct-contact-close,
.concept-21 .ct-contact-eyebrow,
.concept-21 .ct-contact-email-label,
.concept-21 .ct-contact-status,
.concept-21 .ctr-dialog p {
  color: var(--ct-muted);
}
.concept-21 .ct-contact-eyebrow {
  font-size: 10px;
}
.concept-21 .ct-contact-email-label {
  font-size: 9px;
}
.concept-21 .ct-contact-close:hover {
  background: var(--ct-surface);
  color: var(--ct-ink);
}
.concept-21 .ct-contact-email {
  background: var(--ct-surface);
  border-color: var(--ct-rule);
}
.concept-21 .ct-contact-address {
  color: var(--ct-ink);
}
.concept-21 .ct-contact-address::selection {
  background: #dce8f2;
  color: #243849;
}
.concept-21 .ct-contact-copy {
  background: var(--ct-button);
  border-color: var(--ct-button);
  color: var(--ct-button-ink);
}
.concept-21 .ct-contact-copy:hover {
  background: var(--ct-strong);
  border-color: var(--ct-strong);
}
.concept-21 .ct-contact-copy[data-copied="true"] {
  background: var(--ct-surface);
  border-color: var(--ct-soft-border);
  color: var(--ct-strong);
}
.concept-21 .ctr-dialog button {
  background: var(--ct-surface);
  border-color: var(--ct-soft-border);
  color: var(--ct-strong);
}
.concept-21 .ctr-dialog img {
  background: #ffffff;
  border-radius: 2px;
}
/* The appearance control is intentionally smaller than the navigation links. */
.concept-21 .ct-nav nav {
  align-items: center;
}
.concept-21 .ct-theme {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 60;
  flex: 0 0 auto;
}
.concept-21 .ct-theme-trigger {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 7px;
  min-width: 44px;
  min-height: 44px;
  padding: 8px 10px;
  border: 1px solid transparent;
  border-radius: 7px;
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--ct-muted);
  font-size: 11px;
  line-height: 1.4;
}
.concept-21 .ct-theme-trigger:hover,
.concept-21 .ct-theme-trigger[aria-expanded="true"] {
  background: var(--ct-surface);
  border-color: var(--ct-rule);
  color: var(--ct-ink);
}
.concept-21 .ct-theme-icon {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
}
.concept-21 .ct-theme-icon svg {
  display: block;
  width: 17px;
  height: 17px;
}
.concept-21 .ct-theme-popover {
  position: absolute;
  top: calc(100% + 8px);
  right: 0;
  z-index: 70;
  width: 194px;
  padding: 13px 8px 9px;
  border: 1px solid var(--ct-rule);
  border-radius: 10px;
  background: var(--ct-raised);
  color: var(--ct-ink);
  box-shadow:
    0 12px 38px #15283d17,
    0 2px 6px #15283d0a;
}
.concept-21 .ct-theme-popover[hidden] {
  display: none;
}
.concept-21 .ct-theme-options {
  min-width: 0;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  border: 0;
}
.concept-21 .ct-theme-options legend {
  padding: 0 9px 7px;
  font-size: 10px;
  letter-spacing: 0.8px;
  color: var(--ct-muted);
}
.concept-21 .ct-theme-option {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 10px;
  min-height: 40px;
  padding: 8px 10px;
  border-radius: 5px;
  color: var(--ct-body);
  font-size: 12px;
  cursor: pointer;
}
.concept-21 .ct-theme-option:hover {
  background: var(--ct-surface);
  color: var(--ct-ink);
}
.concept-21 .ct-theme-option:has(input:checked) {
  background: var(--ct-surface);
  color: var(--ct-strong);
}
.concept-21 .ct-theme-option input {
  appearance: none;
  flex: 0 0 13px;
  width: 13px;
  height: 13px;
  margin: 0;
  border: 1px solid var(--ct-soft-border);
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--ct-raised);
  color: var(--ct-accent);
  cursor: pointer;
}
.concept-21 .ct-theme-option input:checked {
  border-color: var(--ct-accent);
  background: radial-gradient(circle, var(--ct-accent) 0 3px, transparent 3.5px);
}
.concept-21 .ct-theme-option:has(input:focus-visible) {
  outline: 2px solid var(--ct-accent);
  outline-offset: -2px;
}
.concept-21 .ct-theme-option input:focus-visible {
  outline: none;
}
.concept-21 .ct-theme-hint {
  margin: 8px 8px 0;
  padding-top: 10px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--ct-rule);
  color: var(--ct-muted);
  font-size: 11px;
  line-height: 1.6;
}
/* Midnight slate, including theme-aware figures and transparent logo surfaces. */
html[data-theme="dark"]:has(.concept-21) {
  background: #10151e;
}
html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 {
  --ct-page: #10151e;
  --ct-ink: #e8eef4;
  --ct-body: #bdc8d5;
  --ct-muted: #a6b4c5;
  --ct-accent: #a7c3df;
  --ct-rule: #2b394a;
  --ct-surface: #1b2838;
  --ct-raised: #18222f;
  --ct-soft-border: #42566c;
  --ct-strong: #c1d5e8;
  --ct-button: #acc7e0;
  --ct-button-ink: #172635;
  color-scheme: dark;
}
html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 ::selection,
html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .ct-contact-address::selection {
  background: #37516d;
  color: #f4f8fc;
}
html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .ct-name-effects {
  background-image: linear-gradient(110deg, #dce7f1 18%, #a8c0d7 31%, #fafcff 40%, #b4cce3 49%, #e3ecf5 66%);
}
html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .ct-name-effects::selection,
html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .ct-name-effects em::selection {
  background: #37516d;
  color: #f4f8fc;
  -webkit-text-fill-color: #f4f8fc;
}
html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .ct-art-panel.bs-panel {
  background: #121c29;
  border-color: #2c3c4f;
  box-shadow:
    0 18px 46px -36px #00000080,
    inset 0 1px 0 #b5d1ed08;
}
html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .ct-art-panel.bs-panel::after {
  display: none;
}
html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .ct-art-panel.bs-panel::before {
  background: radial-gradient(ellipse at var(--study-light-x, 72%) var(--study-light-y, 35%), #50729916, transparent 50%),
    radial-gradient(ellipse at 80% 63%, #2639514d, transparent 62%), linear-gradient(118deg, #121b27, #172333);
}
html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .bs-panel .ct-topics > .ct-label {
  color: var(--ct-muted);
}
html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .bs-panel .ct-topics .ct-interest {
  color: #cbd7e5;
}
html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .bs-panel .ct-interest[data-research-focus="reasoning"] {
  --interest-color: #81afd9;
}
html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .bs-panel .ct-interest[data-research-focus="safety"] {
  --interest-color: #7ac4b7;
}
html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .bs-panel .ct-interest[data-research-focus="multimodal"] {
  --interest-color: #b09acb;
}
html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .bs-art-shadow {
  opacity: 0;
}
html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .ct-introduction .ct-collaboration {
  border-left-color: #7195b6;
  background: linear-gradient(105deg, #1b2a3c, #17212e);
}
html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .ctr-number {
  color: #8ea5bd;
}
html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .research-venue--accepted {
  border-color: #526c87;
}
html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .pc-feature {
  background: #18222f;
  border-color: var(--ct-rule);
  box-shadow: 0 18px 44px -36px #00000080;
}
html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .pc-enlarge {
  background: linear-gradient(145deg, #172230, #1c2b3d);
}
html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .pc-enlarge:hover {
  background: linear-gradient(145deg, #1a2737, #203248);
}
html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .pc-enlarge::after {
  background: radial-gradient(ellipse at var(--research-light-x, 25%) var(--research-light-y, 20%), #b4cee710, transparent 63%);
  border-color: #7a98b514;
  opacity: 0.45;
}
html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .pc-enlarge img {
  background: #172230;
  border-color: transparent;
  box-shadow: none;
}
html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .ctr-dialog img {
  background: #172230;
}
/* Brief fallback while a dark SVG loads; the finished asset needs no filter. */
html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .pc-enlarge img:not([data-theme-asset="dark"]),
html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .ctr-dialog:not([data-original-colors="true"]) img:not([data-theme-asset="dark"]) {
  filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg);
  background: #ffffff;
}
html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .ctr-dialog[data-original-colors="true"] img {
  background: #ffffff;
}
.concept-21 .ctr-figure-footer {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 10px 20px;
  margin-top: 14px;
}
.concept-21 .ctr-figure-footer p {
  margin: 0;
}
.concept-21 .ctr-dialog [data-figure-original] {
  display: none;
}
html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .ctr-dialog [data-figure-original] {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  min-height: 40px;
  padding: 7px 10px;
  font-size: 11px;
}
html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .ctr-dialog [data-figure-original][aria-pressed="true"] {
  background: var(--ct-soft-border);
  color: var(--ct-ink);
}
html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .pc-enlarge-label {
  background: #1b2a3cf2;
  color: #b6cbe0;
}
html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .pc-abstract {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #17212e, #192737);
  border-color: var(--ct-rule);
}
html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .pc-abstract-label::before {
  background: #7d9dbd;
}
html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .pc-effects-toggle,
html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .bs-panel .ct-motion-toggle {
  color: var(--ct-muted);
  background: #182434bb;
  border-color: var(--ct-rule);
}
html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .pc-effects-toggle:hover,
html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .bs-panel .ct-motion-toggle:hover {
  color: var(--ct-ink);
  background: #23344a;
  border-color: var(--ct-soft-border);
}
html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .ct-affiliation,
html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .ct-school-logo {
  background: transparent;
}
html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .ct-school-logo:not([data-theme-asset="dark"]) {
  filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg);
}
html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .ct-contact-dialog,
html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .ctr-dialog {
  box-shadow: 0 24px 90px #00000066;
}
html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .ct-contact-dialog::backdrop,
html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .ctr-dialog::backdrop {
  background: #060c14b3;
}
html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .ct-contact-copy:hover {
  background: #c1d7eb;
  border-color: #c1d7eb;
}
html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .ct-theme-popover {
  box-shadow:
    0 18px 48px #00000042,
    0 2px 6px #00000020;
}
/* Pull the cloud toward the interests on phones without reducing its scale. */
@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .concept-21 .ct-nav nav {
    gap: 22px;
  }
  .concept-21 .ct-identity > p {
    font-size: 12px;
  }
  .concept-21.study-page .bs-panel .ct-topics {
    padding-bottom: 0;
  }
  .concept-21.study-page .bs-art-stage {
    margin-top: -16px;
    margin-bottom: 27px;
  }
  .concept-21 .pc-abstract-body p {
    font-size: 14px;
  }
  .concept-21 .ct-footer-links {
    font-size: 12px;
  }
}
@media (max-width: 480px) {
  .concept-21 .ct-nav nav {
    gap: 16px;
  }
  .concept-21 .ct-theme-trigger {
    padding-inline: 8px;
    width: 44px;
  }
  .concept-21 .ct-theme-label {
    display: none;
  }
  .concept-21 .ct-theme-popover {
    width: 188px;
  }
  .concept-21.study-page .bs-panel .ct-topics {
    padding-top: 65px;
    padding-bottom: 0;
  }
  .concept-21.study-page .bs-art-stage {
    margin-top: -22px;
    margin-bottom: 25px;
  }
  .concept-21 .ctr-authors {
    font-size: 12px;
  }
  .concept-21 .ct-footer > p {
    font-size: 11px;
  }
}
@media (max-width: 350px) {
  .concept-21 .ct-nav nav {
    gap: 12px;
  }
}
@media (forced-colors: active) {
  .concept-21 .ct-theme-option input {
    appearance: auto;
    background: Canvas;
  }
  .concept-21 .ct-theme-trigger,
  .concept-21 .ct-theme-popover,
  .concept-21 .ct-theme-option {
    border-color: CanvasText;
  }
  .concept-21 .ct-name-effects,
  html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .ct-name-effects {
    background: none;
    color: CanvasText;
    -webkit-text-fill-color: CanvasText;
  }
}
@media print {
  html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .pc-enlarge img,
  html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .ctr-dialog img,
  html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .ct-school-logo {
    filter: none !important;
    background: transparent;
  }
  .concept-21 .ctr-dialog [data-figure-original] {
    display: none !important;
  }
  .concept-21 .ct-theme,
  .concept-21 .ct-motion-toggle,
  .concept-21 .pc-effects-toggle {
    display: none !important;
  }
  html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 {
    --ct-page: #ffffff;
    --ct-ink: #293440;
    --ct-body: #475461;
    --ct-muted: #647382;
    --ct-accent: #526f87;
    --ct-rule: #dce3e9;
    --ct-surface: #f3f7fa;
    --ct-raised: #ffffff;
    --ct-soft-border: #c8d4df;
    --ct-strong: #405b72;
    background: #ffffff;
    color: #293440;
  }
  html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .ct-art-panel.bs-panel,
  html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .pc-enlarge,
  html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .pc-abstract,
  html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .ct-introduction .ct-collaboration {
    background: #ffffff;
    border-color: #dce3e9;
    box-shadow: none;
  }
  html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .ct-art-panel.bs-panel::before {
    background: #ffffff;
  }
  html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .bs-panel .ct-topics .ct-interest {
    color: #475461;
  }
  .concept-21 .ct-name-effects,
  html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .ct-name-effects {
    background: none;
    color: #293440;
    -webkit-text-fill-color: #293440;
  }
}
html[data-theme="dark"] .concept-21 .bs-art-fallback {
  filter: brightness(1.55) saturate(0.85);
}
/* Frame each original figure according to its proportions, without cropping. */
.concept-21.study-page .pc-slide[data-paper-key="lmsm"] .pc-enlarge img,
.concept-21.study-page .pc-slide[data-paper-key="see"] .pc-enlarge img {
  padding: 6px;
}
.concept-21.study-page .pc-slide[data-paper-key="alphaalign"] .pc-enlarge img {
  padding: 8px;
}
.concept-21.study-page .pc-slide[data-paper-key="cosine_misleads"] .pc-enlarge img {
  left: 50%;
  top: 24px;
  transform: translateX(-50%);
  width: auto;
  max-width: calc(100% - 40px);
  height: calc(100% - 72px);
  padding: 8px;
}
.concept-21.study-page .pc-slide[data-paper-key="ocf"] .pc-enlarge img {
  left: 50%;
  top: 20px;
  transform: translateX(-50%);
  width: auto;
  max-width: calc(100% - 40px);
  height: calc(100% - 62px);
  padding: 5px;
}
@media (min-width: 861px) {
  .concept-21.study-page .pc-abstract {
    padding: 34px 36px;
  }
}